Wednesday, August 28, 2013

Banking theory of education (or, alternatives to the information dump)

Paulo Freire (1985)  critiques conventional “banking models” of education. Within the banking model, the teacher holds the knowledge (usually the traditional canon of his/her subject area) and has a goal of “depositing” that knowledge into the student through transmission-style teaching in the form of lectures, competition, and standardized testing. As an example, any activity of reading and writing will have to start from what the student already knows and not of what he/she ignores. In this view, students are passive recipients of knowledge rather than active constructors of understanding.

Good teaching avoids “banking models” of education that view students as empty vessels to be filled with knowledge poured by the teacher. This approach “transforms students into receiving objects” through control over inquiry (Freire, 1970, p. 77). The argument goes that when students are disempowered, they respond by resisting. That resistance takes many forms—interrupting class with jokes, disagreements with teachers for the sake of disagreement, ignoring the classroom, and so on (Milner & Tenore, 2010). On the flip side, constructivist approaches to learning that center on the student and his or her interests and culture and that are rigorous constitute good teaching. In this way, the engagement approach puts teaching at the center of classroom management.

This brief video doesn't address the interesting and important philosophical underpinnings of the information dump, but it offers a highly practical understanding of different ways of setting up learning that are not limited to elearning.
 

Works cited:
Freire, P. (1985). The politics of education: Culture, power, and liberation. (D. Macedo, Trans.). South Hadley, MA: Bergin & Garvey Publishers, Inc.
Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York: Continuum.
Freire, P. (2004). Pedagogy of indignation. Boulder, CO: Paradigm.
Milner, H.R. & Tenore, F.B. (2010). Classroom management in diverse classrooms. Urban Education, 45(5). 560–603.